Flexibility Potential of V2G Technology in Switzerland

As electric vehicles (EVs) become more widespread, the need for controlled charging technology to mitigate negative impacts on the electricity system becomes increasingly important. This paper explores the potential of controlled EV charging to offer flexibility to the Swiss electrical system by employing a hybrid modeling approach. We utilize a Bass-diffusion model to predict EV market penetration in Switzerland and a binary logistic regression model to associate representative driving profiles with the anticipated EV fleet. The contribution of controlled EV charging to the Swiss electrical supply is then investigated using quadratic mixed integer programming. The results show that controlled EV charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) can significantly minimize residual load fluctuations, reducing load peaks by approximately 5% in 2025 and 11% in 2030.