Grid-Forming Battery Storage System Applications in Power Systems with High Renewable Energy Shares

With the announcement of the Carbon Peaking and Neutrality policy in China, the development of wind and solar is expected to accelerate in the coming years. The increasing penetration level of inverter-interfaced generators has caused an impact on the security and stability of power systems, several regions in China have encountered weak-grid challenges in 2020–2022. The weak grid problem caused by inverter-interfaced generators is a common challenge worldwide, and grid-forming control technologies are considered one promising solution. This paper presents a review of the current attempts and applications of Grid-Forming Battery Energy Storage System (GFM-BESS) and an outlook of its deployment in China.