Vitis Pedata Nanoformulation in the Management of Alloxan Induced Experimental Diabetes

Vitis pedata is a woody climber of the Vitaceae family with a multitude of pharmacological effects like anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, astringent, and hemostatic qualities. The research targets to assess the anti-diabetic efficacy of Vitis pedata aqueous extract nanoformulation in alloxan-induced diabetes rats. Biocompatible polycationic polymer chitosan is used for nanoformulation development. The aqueous extract loaded chitosan nanoparticle formulation displayed a particle size of 186± 5.37 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.226 and zeta potential value of 23 ± 1.93 mV. The nanoformulations were assessed for its anti-diabetic properties in comparison to aqueous extracts for the first time by in- vivo methodologies. Several parameters like body weight, blood glucose level, blood and serum biomarkers, were examined. Changes in tissue histoarchitecture, liver glycogen content, oxidative stress response and antioxidant status were also studied. In diabetic rats, the nano-scale formulation significantly reduced blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, and serum biomarkers, comparable to the oral hypoglycemic medication glibenclamide. The restoration of antioxidant status and pancreatic histoarchitecture through by size assisted delivery may be related to the improved control of diabetes by the nanoformulation than the extract alone. The work marks the first report of Vitis pedata nanoformulation for diabetes management and can serve as a prelude for further preclinical/clinical evaluations.