Low temperature synthesis of BiNi_0.6Mn_0.4O₃ nanostructures via citric acid and ethylene glycol assisted hydrothermal process for energy storage applications

Abstract Present study reports the electrochemical behavior of BiNi 0.6 Mn 0.4 O 3 nanostructures synthesized via citric acid and ethylene glycol assisted hydrothermal process at low temperature calcination of 400 o C. Raman spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement have confirmed BiNi 0.6 Mn 0.4 O 3 to crystallize in tetragonal phase with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mover accent="true"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>̅</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> 2 1 c space group symmetry. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis showed the presence of ‘B’ cations, Ni and Mn in (+2) and (+4) oxidation states, respectively, which mainly contributed to faradaic reactions as observed in CV curves. The specific capacitance of BiNi 0.6 Mn 0.4 O 3 electrodes has been found to be ∼243 F g −1 at the current density of 1 A g −1 in a 6 M KOH aqueous solution. The nanostructured electrodes showed a cyclic stability of ∼70% after 4000 charge–discharge cycles at the current density of 6 A g −1 .