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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype caused by a mutation in the BRCA 1 gene, which is responsible for the components of DNA. In this histological type of cancer, estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 protein receptors are absent, making it very aggressive, with great metastatic potential and a lack of therapies, requiring surgical intervention and a neoadjuvant approach. In this way, the study aims to list and discuss the effectiveness of different treatments for triple-negative breast cancer. This is a systematic review of the effectiveness of treatments for triple-negative breast cancer. A search was carried out in the U.S National Library of Medicine (PubMed) database, with articles searched between 2018 and November 8, 2023, with the descriptors: (“triple-negative breast cancer” OR “triple-negative breast neoplasm”) And treatment AND efficiency AND effectiveness. 203 studies were gathered, 200 of which were excluded based on the exclusion criteria. Studies were analyzed resulting from the predictions of the use of SWE images and their effect on TNBC, in addition to the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in conjunction with breast-conserving surgery, as well as the creation of an evaluative measurement index of the efficacy of neoadjuvant systemic therapy. Considering the analysis of these studies, the transition to breast-conserving surgery combined with NAC represents the best strategy, with superior operational results. However, there is a need for more in-depth evaluations regarding research in TNBC treatment.