The Social Determinants of Health in a Cohort of Romanian Patients with Diabetic and Nondiabetic Neuropathy

<b>Background/Objectives</b>: The importance of the social determinants of health (SODHs) in diabetic and nondiabetic neuropathy has recently gained more attention. This retrospective study examined the correlation of incident diabetic neuropathy and neuropathy of other etiologies with SODH in Romania. <b>Methods</b>: All cases with the primary or secondary discharge diagnosis codes of neuropathy reported across Romania in 2019 were analyzed. The crude incidence rate was calculated per 100,000 persons for the whole population resident in Romania on the 1 July 2019. As SODHs sex, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, unemployment rate, and the number of physicians/1000 persons were evaluated. <b>Results</b>: In total, 207,026 hospitalizations with a discharge diagnosis of neuropathy were recorded. Of these, 80,480 had a discharge diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy, with an incidence rate of 414.97 cases/100,000 persons. The incidence rate of diabetic neuropathy by county was correlated with the corresponding GDP (<i>p</i> = 0.013) and unemployment rate (<i>p</i> = 0.001). By sex, the correlation with GDP remained significant only for women (<i>p</i> = 0.010), while the correlation with unemployment rate remained significant in both sexes. No correlation was observed with the number of physicians/1000 persons/county. The incidence rate of neuropathy of other etiology was 652.49 cases/100,000 persons. No correlation between the incidence rate of neuropathy of other etiology by county and the corresponding GDP, unemployment rate or number of physicians/1000 persons was observed neither in the total sample nor by sex. <b>Conclusions</b>: Lower socioeconomic status was correlated with a higher incidence rate of hospitalized diabetic neuropathy and not with neuropathies of other etiologies.