Post-Newtonian dynamics of spinning black hole binaries in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity

We explore the post-Newtonian dynamics of spinning black hole (BH) binaries in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (ESGB) gravity, a theory that modifies general relativity by introducing a massless scalar field coupled nonminimally to gravity via the Gauss-Bonnet term. By employing an effective field theory (EFT) approach, we extend the Routhian formalism to incorporate spin effects in scalar interactions. In this formalism, we derive for the first time the effective two-body potential for spinning BHs up to the third post-Newtonian (3PN) order in generic ESGB gravity theories. This potential is expressed in terms of the sensitivities of the BHs, which are then obtained through a matching procedure using analytic BH solutions derived here within a slow-rotation approximation, accurate to seventh order in the Gauss-Bonnet coupling and fifth order in the BH spin. We also examine the thermodynamic properties of these rotating solutions, which, as shown in previous work, yield important insights into the inspiral phase evolution in ESGB gravity.