Analyzing the Fetal Complications Associated to Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

Objective: To determine the frequency of fetal outcome in preterm premature rupture of membrane (PROM) at a tertiary care Hospital Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah from 9th December 2021 to 8th June 2022. A total of 265 women with PPROM between 18-40 years were included. Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), multiple pregnancy and intra-uterine devices (IUD) were excluded. After taking informed consent, all women were followed till delivery and fetal outcome i.e. APGAR score <7 at 1-minute, fetal death, respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis (yes/no) were noted. Results: Overall mean age of the patients was 29.43±5.23 years. Majority of the patients 168(63.4%) were aged 18 to 29 years. Average gestational age was 29.92±3.39 weeks. According to frequency of fetal outcome in PPROM was as follows; APGAR score <7 at 1 min was found in 28(10.6%), fetal death in 36(13.6%) patients, respiratory distress syndrome in 64(24.2%) and sepsis in 65(24.5%) patients. Conclusion: PPROM significantly impacts fetal outcomes, with high rates of neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, and mortality. Key factors influencing these outcomes include gestational age, duration of membrane rupture, and maternal parity.