Developments in analytical techniques for mycotoxin determination: an update for 2023-24

Abstract This review summarises developments published in the period from mid-2023 to mid-2024 on the quantitative and qualitative determination of mycotoxins in a various matrices. Important developments in all aspects of mycotoxin analysis, from sampling and quality assurance/quality control of analytical results, to the various detection and quantitation technologies ranging from biosensors to comprehensive instrumental methods are presented and discussed. This non-exhaustive summary and associated discussion covers such technology as chromatography with targeted or non-targeted high resolution mass spectrometry, detection other than mass spectrometry such as fluorescence or diode array detection, biosensors, assays using alternatives to antibodies, as well as methods using predictive modelling and incorporating machine learning. This collaborative critical review intends to guide readers to relevant research by briefly presenting the most important developments in mycotoxin determination published in the past year. This review also relays limitations of the presented methodologies, in order to provide a thorough assessment of the analytical developments.