Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Young Bull Terrier Cross: Clinical Management and Treatment Outcome

Abstract This case report explores the diagnosis and management of a young Bull Terrier cross presenting with behaviors resembling autism spectrum disorder (ASD), complicated by the presence of Addison’s disease. The dog exhibited intense compulsive behaviors, such as prolonged fixation, erratic social interactions, and excessive barking, which are traits often associated with ASD in humans. A comprehensive evaluation, including MRI, revealed atypical cortical sulcal morphology and ventricular enlargement, suggestive of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Medical history further revealed gastrointestinal symptoms, and Addison’s disease was subsequently diagnosed, introducing additional complexity to the clinical picture. To manage the dog’s behavior, a treatment regimen was implemented, including fluoxetine, gabapentin, clonidine, and cyproterone acetate, alongside structured behavioral interventions. The case emphasizes the value of combining pharmacological and behavioral therapies in veterinary practice, particularly in complex cases involving neurodevelopmental conditions. This report contributes to the growing field of veterinary psychiatry, providing insights into ASD-like disorders in dogs and suggesting future directions for research in veterinary behavioral science. Information © The Authors 2025