The effect of physio-chemical parameters on the abundance of dragonflies and damselflies population in Painganga wildlife sanctuary of Yavatmal district, Maharashtra

The present study was carried out from March 2024 to February 2025 for the periods of one year at 3 different ranges (i.e., Kharabi, Umarkhed, and Bitargaon) of Painganga Wildlife Sanctuary to explore the relationship between physiochemical parameters of water and the diversity index. Abundance of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonates) populations are interrelated with each other, and both are important components of aquatic as well as terrestrial ecosystems. But the diversity patterns of both species depend on the physiochemical properties of aquatic and terrestrial habitats. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical parameters of water bodies within the sanctuary and their influence on dragonfly and damselfly populations. Water quality parameters, including temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc., were measured across multiple sites during the study period. During the present investigation 07 families in the sub-order of Anisoptera and Zygoptera, along with separately calculated parameters were recorded. Dragonflies and damselflies abundance and diversity were assessed using standardized sampling techniques. Optimal conditions, such as moderate water temperatures, neutral to slightly alkaline pH, high dissolved oxygen levels, and turbidity, were associated with higher odonate diversity and abundance. Habitats with clear water, aquatic vegetation, and slow-moving water were particularly favourable for odonates. The study highlights the importance of maintaining pristine aquatic habitats for the conservation of dragonflies and damselflies, which serve as effective bio-indicators of ecosystem health. The findings underscore the need for habitat protection, pollution control, and community involvement in conservation efforts.