Overview of Security Approaches for Quantum Computing in the Current Era

Quantum computing are breakthroughs aimed to revolutionize several sectors, although they also present considerable cybersecurity threats. Quantum computers can manage quite greater quantities of information than the most powerful conventional supercomputers and has the capability to do complex computations. Despite being in the early stages of development, quantum computers have the potential to be regarded as cybersecurity concerns. Quantum computing is a phenomenon that should be seen as a technology primed to facilitate significant innovations in the future, while also presenting different concerns. The quantum cybersecurity threat encompasses data breaches of sensitive health and financial information, challenges to the integrity of digital assets, and vulnerabilities in the encryption supporting cryptocurrencies, among other possible risks. This review paper focuses on quantum computing and its effects on different security methods in the present generation. It covers the quantum computer threats to cryptography, post quantum cryptography and a comparison of different approaches to cryptography. This work also analyzes machine learning and AI in quantum security and its challenges and trends for the future. The literature review has incorporated references from more than 25 reputed Scopus-listed journal and conference proceeding.