Where Do Gender Disparities in Research Productivity Begin? A Study of Orthopedic Surgery Applicants and Residents

Our results suggest that while gender disparities in research productivity are not apparent preresidency, they emerge during residency, with male residents producing more publications. This difference is likely influenced by the lack of mentorship and female representation within the field of orthopedic surgery. Addressing these disparities requires targeted efforts to increase female mentorship and support within orthopedic residency programs.