Hydroelastic Analysis of Interconnected Offshore Floating Photovoltaic Floats

Abstract Floating photovoltaic (FPV) concepts have recently emerged as a promising solution for sustainable energy generation, gaining increasing market interest. Despite their potential, FPV systems face significant design challenges related to cost-effectiveness and structural integrity. For FPV arrays in offshore conditions, the structural and hydrodynamic performance of interconnected modules under wave action is a critical consideration, yet research in this area remains limited. This numerical study focuses on the frequency-domain hydroelastic analysis of a novel FPV concept with semi-submersible floats and rope connections. Each float is simplified as a rectangular plate and modeled using the Mindlin plate theory. A hybrid boundary element-finite element method code is modified and verified to account for the connection stiffness between the floats. Subsequently, a case study is conducted for two and three interconnected plates in two orientations, considering realistic material properties for the connections. The analysis examines the bending moments, deformations, and stresses of the plates under various wave periods and headings. Additionally, the effect of connection stiffness on the responses of the floats is evaluated under varying wave periods. The findings indicate that softer connections mitigate adverse effects, and the differences in structural responses remain below 5% for connections with two material properties. While the system exhibits sensitivity to shorter wave periods, the maximum von Mises stress is well below the allowable yield stress. Overall, the hydroelastic response confirms the good structural integrity of the configurations. This study contributes to a fundamental understanding of modular floating systems under wave effects.