Abstract 996: Dietary patterns in plasma cell disorders: Opportunities for targeted interventions

Abstract Background: Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic malignancy in the US, has seen improved survival with therapeutic advancements. This presents an opportunity to enhance outcomes through diet and lifestyle. Poor dietary habits and obesity are linked to adverse outcomes in MM and its precursors—monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM)—potentially mediated by intestinal dysbiosis which affects the immune microenvironment. High Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores, which reflect better adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, are associated with reduced mortality. However, data on the dietary habits of individuals with plasma cell disorders (PCDs) remains limited. Methods: We surveyed 443 individuals with MGUS, SMM, or MM on HealthTree Cure Hub using the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire (2022- 2023). We calculated HEI scores and analyzed by age, sex, race, BMI, PCD diagnosis, and education level. We also compared participants’ scores to the general US population by age, sex, and race. Results: Average HEI score was higher for participants (69) than for the US population (58) across all subgroups (p<0.001). Lower education was associated with lower HEI scores (p<0.001) and trended toward higher fruit and lower added sugar intake. Higher BMI trended toward lower HEI scores (p=0.052) and significantly increased fatty acid intake. Males consumed more calories with less vegetables, sodium, and fatty acid intake. Non-Hispanic Asians and Blacks consumed fewer calories but more fatty acids. MGUS and SMM participants consumed more vegetables and lower added sugar, but more sodium compared to MM patients. Conclusion: Individuals with PCDs have more healthful diets than the general US population. However, females, non-Hispanic Asians, non-Hispanic Blacks, individuals with higher BMIs, and those with less education may benefit from targeted dietary interventions to improve health outcomes. Citation Format: Kadiatou Traore, Francesca Castro, Alankrita Taneja, Elan Gorshein, Andriy Derkach, Jorge Arturo Hurtado Martínez, Edith Serrano, Alexander Lesokhin, Jennifer M. Ahlstrom, Torin Block, Jay R. Hydren, Ana M. Sahagun Sanchez Aldana, Patricia Alejandra Flores Pérez, Cynthia A. Thomson, Saad Z. Usmani, Urvi A. Shah. Dietary patterns in plasma cell disorders: Opportunities for targeted interventions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2025; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2025 Apr 25-30; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2025;85(8_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 996.