Schizophrenia genetic risk and labour market outcomes in the Finnish general population: Are schizophrenia-related traits penalised or rewarded?

Beyond its overall negative association with employment, SCZ_PRS exhibits a non-linear relationship with income in cognitive-intensive occupations, where both low and high SCZ_PRS appear to be penalised. This pattern became more pronounced post-2000, coinciding with rising income inequality and technological advancements, likely reshaping labour market demands. While effect sizes are substantial, compensatory factors may mitigate these outcomes. Greater awareness of these associations and individual differences in labour market experiences could contribute to a more inclusive society.