In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Pure and Encapsulated Mangiferin Against ESKAPE Bacteria

Currently, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a global problem, which requires modern approaches and effective pharmaceutical agents. Substances isolated from nature sources have a strong potential in combating highly virulent and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, including within the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.). One of these substances is mangiferin, the bioactive compound obtained from parts of Mangiferin indica L. Mangiferin has a low aqueous solubility, which causes low activity and requires additional modification or delivery system to increase its concentration in the cell. Many studies show that it has multiple biological effects and can be used as an antioxidant or an anticancer agent, and it can exhibit antibacterial properties. Extracts obtained from plant parts show high efficacy in low doses against the ESKAPE group and other strains. This makes mangiferin a possible candidate as a strong agent against bacterial infections. The mechanisms underlying the action of mangiferin on bacterial cells are poorly understood. This review summarizes studies confirming the antibacterial properties of mangiferin both in its native form and using delivery systems.