5G Millimeter Wave High Isolation MIMO Antenna Arrays based on Optimization

This work investigates a small, high-gain, two-port multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system. Each element of the MIMO array consists of two antennas connected by a 1:2 T-junction with 50Ω impedance matching to a single feed. In order to accommodate 5G millimeter wave applications, the antenna element uses the 26–40 GHz band, while the branching network's impedance within the element is matched to 100Ω. The gain and effi-ciency of radiation of the antenna element are set to 9dBi and 91%, respectively. The planned MIMO system has a value of roughly 93% efficiency and the gain is set to be approximately 10 dBi. Because of the decoupling surface between the antennas and their orthogonality, the antenna array has great isolation between elements. The simulated findings show that the measured mutual coupling (MC) value between the array members decreases by less than -30dB. The MIMO system is divided into two circular patch array ele-ments, each of which is made up of a 1×2 array on a partly ground plane. The design process of the antenna element depends on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) with initial weight equals to 1 and with initial dimensions that result from the equations 1 and 2. PSO and GA in CST simulator takes the initial di-mensions and the required fitness function and runs to get the final dimensions. MIMO array is constructed from the element based on PSO as it requires few parameters and is easy to construct.