Two-stage Implant-based Breast Reconstruction Without the Use of Tissue Expanders

The success rate of 2-stage breast reconstruction in high-risk patients after mastectomy is similar using either a first-stage TE or low-projection definitive implant. Two-stage reconstruction using the IO approach offers patients the opportunity to reduce the cost, discomfort, inconvenience, and complications associated with repeated TE fills. It also allows them to pursue their second-stage reconstruction at their convenience when compared with patients with TEs who are encouraged to undergo exchange in a timely fashion.