Structural optimization of <scp>SDH</scp>‐targeting chalcone derivatives: piperazine‐driven binding stability against <scp><i>Xanthomonas</i></scp> pathogens

The 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline moiety enhanced SDH binding affinity, while the introduced piperazine substructure in H6 improved both complex stability (root mean square deviation <1.5 Å) and target engagement. These findings establish H6 as a promising lead compound for developing next-generation SDH inhibitors, providing critical insights into structure-activity relationships for agricultural antimicrobial design. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.