The functional and aesthetic aspects of blow-out fracture treatment

Abstract Introduction and aim of the study Blow-out fractures of the orbit, most commonly involving the inferior wall, are severe facial injuries. The functional impairments (including diplopia and restricted ocular motility) and aesthetic deformities (such as facial asymmetry and enophthalmos) significantly affect the patient’s overall health and quality of life. This paper aims to analyze the current knowledge regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and functional and aesthetic aspects of blow-out orbital fractures. Current knowledge Blow-out fractures are most often the result of blunt trauma, such as in traffic accidents, falls, or interpersonal violence. The injury leads to increased intraorbital pressure and damage to the orbital structures. Diagnosis relies on imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which allow for assessment of the extent of the damage. Treatment depends on the size of the fracture and the presence of complications. In some cases, surgical intervention is necessary, which may include using bone grafts or implants to restore both function and aesthetics. Conclusion Early diagnosis and the application of appropriate treatment methods, including reconstructive surgery, are crucial for improving the functional and aesthetic aspects of patients. Endoscopic surgery for blow-out fractures demonstrates minimal invasiveness and better aesthetic outcomes, reducing the risk of complications and enhancing patients’ quality of life.