Phraseological units - ill-wishes addressed to a deceiver / slanderer in the modern Tatar language: A structural and component analysis

The article is devoted to the structural and component analysis of phraseological units - ill-wishes, addressed to the deceiver / slanderer, in the modern Tatar language. Besides the new dialectal material used in our research, its novelty is due to the appeal to one of the little-studied topics in Tatar phraseology. The study of ill-wishes as a fragment of archaic beliefs allows us to reveal the deep cultural values of the Tatar people. To this day, ill-wishes have preserved elements of sacredness and ritualism. The analysis of the phraseological units - ill-wishes, addressed to the deceiver / slanderer, showed: 1) they are addressed to the offender for undeservedly inflicted mental or physical pain; 2) from the point of view of the presence/absence of connotation, phraseological units of ill-wishes are classified as emotionally expressive ones, conveying a negative assessment; 3) these units are formed according to two models “subject + predicate (the verb in the imperative mood)” and “subject + predicate (the verb in the optative mood)”; 4) two-component and three-component phraseological units prevail; 5) when forming ill-wishes somatisms are frequently used: авыз ‘mouth’, баш ‘head’, йөз ‘face’, күз ‘eye’, тел ‘tongue’, урт ‘inner part of the cheek’, эч ‘belly’.