Dynamics of crystallization and structural and mechanical properties of magnesium modified foam glass in multicomponent silicate systems

The authors investigate the impact of magnesium oxide on the dynamics of crystallisation and structural-mechanical properties of foam glass in the system "glass mass – gas – crystallites". The authors have established by methods of thermodynamic modelling, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive microanalysis that the introduction of MgO induces the formation of MgFe2O4 and Mg-Ca-silicates, reducing the proportion of quartz by 18%. Optimisation of MgO concentration (7.5 wt%) provided an increase in bending strength up to 86.5 MPa and microhardness up to 7.2 GPa. A systematic approach to controlling the temperature conditions of synthesis allowed us to stabilise the dissipative structures of the melt and minimise internal stresses. The results confirm the possibility of directional control of crystallite morphology (50-200 nm) to create materials with predicted thermal insulation and mechanical characteristics, according to GOST 33949-2016.