Learnings in the Qualification of ABD®900AM for Turbine, Aerospace, and Energy Applications

Abstract ABD®-900AM is a highly-printable, gamma prime strengthened superalloy purposely designed for powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) with broad applicability to high-temperature gas turbine, aerospace, defense, and energy applications. To accelerate the adoption of the alloy, EPRI, with support from a team of AM processing and material data informatics experts, has initiated a first-of-a-kind project to demonstrate qualification of the alloy across multiple AM machines and sites with the goal of developing requisite SAE PBF feedstock and material specifications with supporting statistical material allowables for future inclusions in the Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization (MMPDS) Handbook. Additional data needed for component design and enhanced specifications (including creep, fatigue, and microstructure) are also being generated for proliferation of datasets for future users of the alloy. In working through the existing SAE qualification framework, a number of challenges were addressed to adapt the specification requirements to the unique attributes of the alloy, future applications, and machine variables. The project started by defining key characteristics (KCs) of the alloy and key process variables (KPVs) for AM process evaluation. Pre-qualification work involved a KPV study on a single batch of powder across five machines considering the impact of layer thickness, heat-input, heat-treatment, sample location, and sample orientation. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to assess the impact of minor variations in laser power and solution-heat-treatment temperature. Statistical analysis evaluated these variables against tensile test results and large area microstructural analysis. Initial comparisons to elevated temperature tensile, and creep behavior at 800 °C are also presented and compared to prior work to describe ongoing activities to expand qualification activities to a minimum of 10 heats of powder and 20 manufacturing lots.