Crystallization kinetics of nano-sized amorphous TiO2 during transformation to anatase under non-isothermal conditions

This research focuses on the non-isothermal kinetic analysis, calculating the effective activation energy for the crystallization mechanism of nano-TiO 2 and examining its impact on the formation of high-quality anatase. Differential methods for kinetic data evaluation under non-isothermal conditions, according to Arrhenius, Kissinger, and Ozawa, were applied. The powders, including the initial, heat-treated, and crystallized ones, were analyzed using X-ray powder diffraction. The obtained data provide a foundation for developing an algorithm to control the competition between the nucleation and growth mechanisms of nanocrystalline anatase. Additionally, a temperature-time profile for rotary kiln synthesis was established to promote the formation of anatase rather than rutile, as commonly implemented in industrial processes. As a result, nanosized anatase (TiO 2 ) was successfully obtained from titanium hydroxide (TiO(OH) 2 ) by non-isothermal calcination.