Profile of NT-0527, a brain penetrant NLRP3 Inflammasome inhibitor suitable as an <i>in vivo</i> tool compound for neuroinflammatory disorders

Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as a high potential treatment paradigm for the treatment of neuroinflammation, with demonstrated anti-neuroinflammatory effects in Parkinson's disease patients and a strong rationale in Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. To facilitate further progress in this field, brain penetrant NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors as leads and tool compounds are required. We discovered a small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, NT-0527 (11), and extensively profiled this to reveal a highly potent, selective and brain penetrant compound. This was shown to be orally bioavailable, efficacious in an <i>in vivo</i> model of inflammation, and with good developability characteristics. However, NT-0527 exhibited CYP 2C19 time-dependent inhibition, which halted development, but this molecule could be employed as a valuable tool compound for the investigation of neuroinflammatory conditions where NLRP3 inflammasome activation is implicated.