Process Evaluation of a Dementia Prevention Program for Aboriginal Australians (DAMPAA) Using a Theory of Change Framework

A co-designed, Aboriginal health practitioner-led dementia risk management program (DAMPAA) was implemented from 2021 to 2024 to address the growing concern of dementia among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Western Australia. Key features of DAMPAA included group walking and yarning sessions incorporating health and well-being education twice a week, alongside a six-month home program. A theory of change framework guided a parallel process evaluation, co-developed with Aboriginal Community-Controlled Health Services and an Elders Governance Group. The evaluation involved two distinct groups: Elders who participated in the program and staff involved in its design and delivery. Qualitative data were collected through yarning interviews, focusing on the program's implementation and impact. A brain health program for Elders was highly valued. Through group walking and yarning, the program supported a deeper connection to Country and strengthened community connection enhancing social and emotional well-being for Elders as well as program staff. A key learning was the significance of an Elders-informed health program, delivered by local Aboriginal people at an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service, creating a space that strengthens connection and a sense of belonging for Elders. The process evaluation validated the importance of the DAMPAA program. The DAMPAA program and resources have since been integrated into Elders' health programs across all service partners, demonstrating its relevance and potential for broader application.