Listened to but Rarely Heard: A Scoping Review of Resident Engagement in the Organizational Design and Governance of their Long-Term Care Homes

Engaging residents of long-term care homes (LTCHs) in their home's environment, programs, and operations is required in some jurisdictions and could improve resident quality of life and other outcomes. This scoping review summarized existing research on resident engagement in LTCH organizational design and governance, including associated enablers, barriers, approaches, and outcomes. The database search yielded 5,580 records (after deduplication), and 62 articles covering 59 studies were included. These studies predominantly described Residents' Councils (<i>n</i> = 38; 64%) and enablers or barriers pertaining to resident and home perspectives, as well as implementation and sustainability infrastructure. Few studies described approaches to considerations of resident diversity (<i>n</i> = 8; 14%) or the presence of dementia and/or cognitive impairment (<i>n</i> = 12; 20%). Ten studies reported quantitative data evaluating resident engagement, and only four with resident-reported outcomes. Robust, evidence-informed frameworks that are co-designed with residents, staff, and others in the LTCH sector are needed to engage residents in their LTCHs.