About the generation of high-speed stars

The application of the laws of motion of two bodies in a medium obtained by the Belarusian scientific school to the problem of so-called super-velocity stars, which is relevant for astrophysics today, is investigated. A scenario is considered that justifies the generation of hypervelocity stars and is based on the laws of motion of binary stars in the interstellar medium, which consists of visible (baryonic) matter and dark matter. It has been proven that in different environments the center of mass of two stars (or galaxies) cannot be at rest relative to the medium and the background gravitational field additionally created by it, but moves with acceleration along a cycloid or quasi-cycloid trajectory. After a sufficient period of time, the speed of the center of mass reaches high values that characterize super-high-speed stars: speeds ≥(700–3750) km · s –1 and more. Since the stars are “tied” to their center of mass, they, like the center of mass, begin to move at approximately the same speed along intricate trajectories-coils reminiscent of lace: we have the so-called lace effect of movement. Special cases have been noted in the motion of two bodies (stars) of comparable masses and their center of mass in the medium: 1) if the masses of the stars are equal, then their center of mass in both homogeneous and inhomogeneous media is at rest, the lace effect of motion is absent and the generation of high-speed stars does not occur; 2) if the medium is homogeneous (its density ρ = const), then in the Newtonian theory of gravity, for any masses of stars, their center of mass is at rest, the lace effect of motion is absent and the generation of super-high-speed stars does not occur. In accordance with the necessary formulas derived in the work, numerical estimates were carried out illustrating the process of generation of high-speed stars up to stars with relativistic velocities (1/2–2/3) c km · s –1 , where c = 3 · 10 5 km · s –1 speed of light in vacuum.