Protective Effects of Neeli Bhringraj Oil Against Hair Breakage and Strengthening Damaged Hair Fibers: Scientific Evidence from an <i>In-Vitro</i> Fatigue Test Model

Objective Hair fall due to breakage is a widespread concern influenced by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as heat styling, chemical treatments, pollution, and UV exposure. Herbal oils, particularly those used in Ayurvedic practice, have long been valued for their ability to protect and nourish hair. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Neeli Bhringraj oil, a traditional Ayurvedic formulation, in reducing hair breakage and improving tensile strength using in-vitro fatigue test model. Methods Standardized human hair swatches were deliberately damaged through surfactant washes, heat, UV, and pollution exposure. Damaged swatches were randomized and treated for 12 cycles with either Neeli Bhringraj oil (test group) and another with control. After treatment, swatches underwent wet fatigue testing using the TESTRONIX Tensile Strength Tester, where broken fibers were collected and analyzed. Statistical significance was assessed using paired two-tailed t-tests (p <0.05). Results The Neeli Bhringraj oil group showed significantly fewer broken fibers (11.67 ± 4.46) compared to the control group (21.67 ± 9.69, p <0.01). This corresponded to a 4.19-fold improvement or 76.11% reduction in breakage. Fragment analysis further revealed fewer short-length fibers (<6.25 cm) in the test group, indicating stronger tensile resilience. Conclusion This study confirms that Neeli Bhringraj oil (Neela Bhringadi) provides substantial protection against hair breakage and effectively strengthens damaged hair fibers. By forming a protective layer and nourishing the hair shaft, the oil minimizes damage from environmental and mechanical stressors. These findings validate the traditional use of Neeli Bhringraj oil and support its potential as an evidence-based intervention for reducing hair fall and improving overall hair health.