Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a multifaceted cardiovascular syndrome of symptomatic heart failure in which the left ventricular EF is normal (> 50%). The prevalence of HFpEF is rising and now accounts for approximately half of all heart failure cases worldwide, affecting an estimated 32 million individuals. Progression of HFpEF is associated with declining quality of life and increased risks of hospital admission and cardiovascular events. Despite the growing burden of HFpEF, it remains difficult to diagnose and manage effectively. Nurses and NPs play critical roles in identifying, educating, and treating patients with this clinical syndrome. This article aims to synthesize insights into the pathophysiology of HFpEF, as well as the current standards and requisite diagnostic studies to aid in diagnosis. Current evidence and expert consensus regarding HFpEF treatment are also presented.