A Real-time, Cost-effect and Integrated MMV Solution for Real-time and Continuous Carbon Storage Monitoring

Summary This paper presents a unified, real-time Monitoring, Measurement, and Verification (MMV) platform designed to ensure the safety, reliability, and regulatory compliance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects. Building on the field experience and framework of the Shell Quest CCS project, our system integrates atmospheric, hydrospheric, and geospheric monitoring into a single automated platform, leveraging IoT-enabled sensors, edge computing, advanced wireless communication, and AI-assisted data analysis in the cloud. This approach enables continuous, real-time leak detection, groundwater quality monitoring, and geomechanical stability assessment, reducing operational costs while improving scalability and strengthening public confidence in the long-term containment of CO2.