Incidence and risk of nephrolithiasis with uricosuric therapies for the treatment of gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies

Nephrolithiasis is a common side effect of uricosuric therapies, although the quality of evidence for this is low-moderate due to significant heterogeneity and bias. Further research is required to identify those at highest risk, and who may benefit from additional interventions such as urinary alkalinization. Our estimates of incidence of nephrolithiasis and associated risk can lead to more informed shared treatment decisions in the management of gout.