Recommendations for the calculation of inhalation exposure to cosmetic spray products: A comprehensive review

Consumer products such as cosmetic spray products must be safe. Strict rules to ensure this for cosmetic spray products are established by the EU Cosmetic Products Regulation, as well as by scientific advisory panels. In this article several default values are proposed from the literature to improve the consistency and accuracy of inhalation exposure assessments performed for cosmetic spray products. The use of these default values is given for the most relevant spray product types currently on the EU market. The use of well-known exposure calculation models (e.g. one-box and two-box models) are discussed for their applicability to estimate consumer inhalation exposure to certain spray product types. The availability of measured data from experimental studies is limited due to the complication caused by parameters such as technical product information relating to droplet/particle sizing of the airborne product. In some cases, there is reliance on conservative, worst-case input values (e.g., spray time and the amount released from the product container) for exposure assessment of individual product uses. Where the authors have identified data gaps for certain parameters for specific product types during the literature review, recommendations are provided for additional consolidated default values to promote the safety assessment.