Complications of endoscopic interventions in the lower gastrointestinal tract

The Federal Law No. 323-FZ of November 21, 2011 establishes the requirements for the content and format of the “Informed Voluntary Consent” (IVC) form for medical interventions. This document serves as a legal guarantee of protecting the rights of both patients and healthcare professionals. The article discusses the procedure of signing the IVC and highlights its key sections that require special consideration. The most important are the sections “Indications” and “Contraindications for medical intervention.” Indications provide patients with information about the necessity of a particular procedure and the possible consequences of refusal, ensuring awareness and informed decision-making. The section on contraindications reflects potential health and life risks related to the patient’s condition or to the specifics of the intervention, including possible complications. The patient’s signature confirms awareness and consent, while also providing legal protection for the healthcare institution and staff in case of adverse outcomes or legal disputes. Special attention is paid to the section “Risks associated with medical care.” The list of potential adverse events (for example, during colonoscopy) can be extensive, which makes it impossible to include every detail. Therefore, the authors propose standardization and adaptation of such risks for inclusion in the IVC form. This approach allows achieving a balance between comprehensive patient information and practical usability of the document.