Remote International Exchange in Mathematics Education: Evaluating the Educational Impact of Real-Time Translation Technology Using Zoom

This study examined the use of Zoom's automatic translation subtitles in a Remote International Exchange between pre-service teachers from Japan and Germany. It aimed to reduce language barriers and promote collaboration in mathematics education. Twelve students (six per country) presented and discussed lessons on reasoning, discovery-based learning, and cognitive activation. The presentations contained the students' native languages, bilingual slides, and Zoom subtitles. Japanese students reported high satisfaction and improved comprehension, especially during the Question and Answer sessions. German students, however, struggled with subtitle inaccuracies and the complexity of the bilingual material, which hindered understanding. Despite these challenges, all students expressed interest in future exchanges. The study showed that international collaboration is possible without a shared language like English. Although current translation tools have limitations, they can support inclusive and culturally responsive learning when used effectively. Enhancing translation accuracy and simplifying materials could further improve intercultural understanding.