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This report aims to shed light on and compare the structure, operation, and resources of youth national teams (NT) across European countries. Specifically, we examine the football calendar, staffing in terms of coaching and support personnel, and youth national team budgets. Additionally, we seek to better understand how economic and human resources relate to on-field performance. The study focuses on age groups ranging from U14/U15 to U23 for women and from U14/U15 to U21 for men. The participant countries are Finland, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, and Switzerland. Data were collected through surveys, semi-structured interviews, and financial reports. In terms of youth national team structures, national associations (NA) differ slightly in which youth national teams they run. Some nations run programs across all age groups, while others focus primarily on the U17 and U19 teams that compete in final UEFA EURO tournaments. The U23 team is gaining importance on the women’s side and the future teams on the men’s side. Men’s programs benefit from stronger club infrastructures, whereas women’s pathways are still being developed and expanded gradually. Regarding the football calendar, club teams often do not release players outside FIFA windows. To address this, there is an ongoing effort to align all youth national team activities within FIFA windows. However, FIFA and UEFA final tournaments present difficulties, including poor weather conditions and pitch quality, and events outside FIFA windows. The summer domestic season in most Nordic countries overlaps poorly with FIFA windows and final tournament scheduling. Moving on to human resources, head coaches are primarily employed full-time within the federations, with some assistant coaches and specialists also holding full-time positions. Several countries have expanded their pool of federation-employed experts (such as assistant and goalkeeping coaches, and analysts). Dual roles are common, as many coaches are involved with more than one team. Coaches often combine national team duties with roles in coach education, club development, or other age groups. NAs blend full-time federation employees (often head coaches and specialists) with external club coaches and support staff who join only for training camps. Federations emphasise regular communication with clubs, including feedback after national team camps, ongoing contact, and structured meetings with coaches. They also highlight systems for sharing information on players’ training loads and development experiences.