mRNA technologies in treatment of oncological diseases: global experience of clinical trials and implementation in the Russian Federation

Malignant neoplasms remain one of the leading causes of death worldwide, continuously driving the development and active implementation of new innovative treatments into clinical practice. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current status and prospects for the application of mRNA technologies in oncology, analyzing global clinical trial experience, the mechanism of action of therapeutic mRNA cancer vaccines, manufacturing processes, and the regulatory framework for the introduction of individual biotechnologically modified drugs (iBTMD) in the Russian Federation.