Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay as a “Solar Pond” and Its Energy Characteristics

The article considers the solar energy resources of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay as a “solar pond”. Using the developed physical and mathematical methods, the thermal energy potentials оf the accumulation of salt deposits in the bay were determined for the creation and use of energy technologies in industrial sectors. Thermal energy characteristics for the introduction of various solar energy storage technologies were assessed; according to preliminary calculations, the effi ciency of a solar reservoir is 1.14 % in winter and 1.46 % in summer. The solar energy potential of conversion into thermal energy varies from 40 to 70 % depending on the season of the year. The average temperature on the salt surface of the reservoir bottom in summer ranges from 55.04 to 79.8 °C, in winter from 20.0 to 25.6 °C. The obtained scientific results can be used in the deve- lopment of design and estimate documentation, preparation of feasibility studies for the creation of various solar energy technological complexes in the Caspian region, which will contribute to strengthening energy security, development of energy systems and production of autonomous technological installations and equipment based on solar energy, which will reduce the energy consumption of fossil fuels and improve the environmental situation in the Kara-Bogaz-Gol region.