Rett syndrome: differential diagnosis of epileptic and non-epileptic conditions. Review of foreign literature

Rett syndrome caused by MECP2 mutations is difficult for diagnostics of epileptic seizures, since contact with these patients is difficult, and the clinical manifestations of seizures are difficult to distinguish from various motor disorders and stereotypes. Currently, the genetic variants of Rett syndrome and approaches to therapy have been well studied, a classification of electroencephalogram changes has been developed. Nevertheless, epilepsy in Rett syndrome is characterized by pharmacoresistance. One of the reasons for the difficulties in the treatment of epilepsy is the overdiagnosis of epilepsy, as well as the difficulties in the differential diagnosis of epileptic seizures with stereotypical behavior and hyperkinesis. Videoelectroencephalographic monitoring plays a crucial role in the differential diagnosis of epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal conditions.