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This study presents the results of the first largescale camera trap survey conducted in Bénoué National Park (BeNP), Cameroon, undertaken collaboratively between Bristol Zoological Society, Sekakoh and the Cameroonian Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife between January and November 2023. This research establishes a baseline for long-term monitoring of mammals and the extent of human and livestock pressures within the park. A total of 38 cameras were systematically deployed across the park yielding a survey effort of 3,714 trap-days and generating over 56,000 images. 26 medium to large bodied mammal species were detected during the 2023 survey (excluding domestic animals, bats, and rodents). When combined with previous BZS camera trap monitoring (2019–2020), a cumulative total of 33 wild mammal species are present, reaffirming BeNP’s status as a regional biodiversity hotspot. This compares to the 16 wild mammal species recorded by Elkan et al. (2015) during a 2015 aerial survey of the park, showing the value of camera trapping in detecting cryptic species and establishing a more complete inventory of mammalian diversity. Species diversity and relative abundance were higher in the dry season than the rainy season, although this may be partly explained by differences in detectablilty due to grass growth. The most frequently detected wild species were tantalus monkey (Chlorocebus tantalus), Northern bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), red-flanked duiker (Cephalophus rufilatus) and common duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia) while domestic cattle (Bos taurus) were the most common overall, indicating extensive human and livestock presence within the park. Ten taxa threatened on the IUCN Red List were documented, with Kordofan giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum) detected at only one site. Giant eland (Taurotragus derbianus) were absent from the 2023 survey and 2015 aerial survey, but detected during the 2019 to 2020 survey. Only one species, topi (Damaliscus lunatus), was found in the aerial survey that was not detected here, which was previously represented by a single recorded individual. Together this highlights the continued decline of megafauna in the Bénoué Ecosystem Complex. Cattle and human detections showed spatial overlap with wildlife species, and while detections were greater during the rainy season, they were consistently high all year. This indicates increasing anthropogenic pressures, with overgrazing, poaching, and habitat degradation all likely affecting mammal populations. The rarity of several species underscores the need for continued anti-poaching patrols, integration of hunting zone managers in conservation planning, and the importance of landscape-scale connectivity initiatives. We also recommend a moratorium on eland trophy hunting in the surrounding hunting zones until comprehensive population assessments are available. These baseline data provide a critical foundation for long-term biodiversity monitoring and should inform the ongoing management of this ecologically significant but increasingly threatened landscape.