Sustainable Agriculture: The Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi in Enhancing Plant Growth, Soil Health and Environmental Sustainability

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are pivotal in enhancing plant growth, soil health, and agricultural sustainability. Their symbiotic relationship with plant roots allows for improved nutrient uptake, especially in nutrient-deficient soils, while also enhancing water retention and soil structure. As the global agricultural sector faces mounting challenges such as soil degradation, drought, and the over-reliance on chemical fertilizers, AMF offer a sustainable alternative to address these issues. This paper explores the role of AMF in sustainable agriculture, focusing on their contributions to reducing the need for chemical inputs, promoting healthier ecosystems, and improving crop resilience to environmental stressors. Case studies, particularly from Nigeria, highlight AMF’s success in improving yields of staple crops such as maize, cassava, and rice, demonstrating their potential for revitalizing degraded soils and supporting organic farming systems. The integration of AMF into farming practices not only supports ecological balance but also enhances long-term food security by fostering a more resilient agricultural landscape.