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Temporal Gradient Cosmology (TGC) models time as a physical field τ(t, x) whose curvature and gradients govern gravitational dynamics, redshift behavior, and large-scale cosmological structure. In this framework, cosmological redshift arises from temporal curvature rather than spatial expansion, producing observational equivalence with FRW cosmology under the mapping a(t) ↔ 1/τ(t). TGC also recovers Newtonian gravity, post-Newtonian corrections, gravitational lensing, Shapiro delay, and CMB acoustic behavior through τ-curvature alone. This Version 3 (v3) release includes a major conceptual addition: Section 10 — The TGC Vacuum Energy Resolution Principle Vacuum energy is reframed not as real energy stored in the Past, but as future-facing probability density: the unresolved structure of quantum possibilities ahead of the Present resolution surface. When the Present resolves uncertainty, this probability structure converts into real change-density, stored as τ-curvature in the Past. This resolves the long-standing mismatch between quantum zero-point estimates and observed cosmological energy density without requiring fine-tuning. Author’s Note The development presented in Section 10 emerged while pursuing a related research direction that has not yet been fully documented in published form. Although this insight arrived earlier than expected in the broader progression of my work, it arose naturally from ongoing analysis and integrates cleanly with the existing TGC framework. Because of its foundational importance—and its relevance to the internal consistency of the model—it is included here now. Additional supporting material will be released in subsequent manuscripts. Version Summary Fully updated τ-metric and τ-geodesic framework Clarified treatment of early-epoch temporal co-flatness Integrated Vacuum Energy Resolution Principle No changes to earlier observational predictions or consistency checks Minor refinements for clarity and alignment with the τ-curvature formalism This v3 edition supersedes all previous versions.