Perceptions of the impact of operational stress in emergency first responder families: A qualitative analysis

Abstract Objective This study explored the unique stressors and strengths within public safety personnel (PSP) families, focusing on the impact of operational stress and potentially psychologically traumatic events on family dynamics for those living with and working in emergency first responder (EFR) professions (i.e., police, fire, paramedic). Background EFR families encounter unique challenges due to the high‐stress nature of police, fire, and paramedic work, affecting family relationships and overall functioning. Understanding these dynamics is important for developing effective support mechanisms. Previous research highlights the need for targeted interventions for PSP families, but qualitative data on the specific experiences of EFR families and coping strategies remain limited. Method This qualitative study conducted six semistructured online focus groups with 27 participants, including EFR members and their spouses. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were thematically analyzed to identify key patterns and themes in family dynamics and coping strategies. Results Four key themes emerged: the tension between connection and disconnection, balancing family and work, influence of EFR and non‐EFR social circles, and spillover of trauma and stress into the home. EFR families use adaptive strategies including intentional communication and flexible family roles to maintain stability. Conclusion These findings underscore the need for additional supports to enhance family functioning and address both individual and collective needs within EFR families. Implications Preventive programs and accessible mental health treatments are essential for supporting EFR families. Targeted interventions should focus on fostering resilience and stability through enhanced communication and flexible family roles.