A 500-m Annual Raster Dataset of Ecosystem Quality Index (EQI) in China since 2000

Overview: This dataset provides an annual series of the Ecosystem Quality Index (EQI) for China since 2000 at a spatial resolution of 500 meters. The EQI is a comprehensive metric used to assess the overall health and integrity of terrestrial ecosystems. Methodology: The dataset is developed in strict accordance with the Technical Specification for Investigation and Assessment of National Ecological Status—Ecosystem Quality Assessment (HJ 1172-2021) issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. The index is synthesized from three key ecological indicators derived from MODIS products (MOD13A1, MOD15A2H, and MOD17A3HGF): Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC): Calculated using a dimidiate pixel model based on NDVI. Leaf Area Index (LAI): High-quality annual composites with cloud and aerosol filtering. Gross Primary Productivity (GPP): Annual accumulated organic carbon fixation. All indicators were normalized and integrated via the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The EQI values range from 0 to 100, where higher values indicate superior ecosystem quality. Technical Specifications: Spatial Resolution: 500 m Temporal Coverage: since 2000 (Annual) Geographic Extent: Entire mainland China Data Format: GeoTIFF (.tif) Coordinate System: WGS 84