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Introduction . In recent years, the proportion of viral pathogens in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia has increased. Identification of the causative agent in postmortem (autopsy) material may provide a more accurate etiological cause of fatal pneumonias. Aim . To analyze the species diversity of viral pathogens isolated from patients with fatal outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia, compared with the results of virological examination of respiratory samples from individuals with favorable disease outcomes. Materials and Methods . The analysis included protocols of virological examination of autopsy material (lung tissue) from 140 individuals who died from pneumonia in Khabarovsk in 2023. The comparison group consisted of data from virological examinations of patients with clinical manifestations of community-acquired pneumonia and favorable outcomes, in which 1136 DNA and RNA viral agents were identified. The search targeted detecting DNA/RNA of 11 respiratory viral pathogens and four viruses causing opportunistic diseases. The study was performed using polymerase chain reaction with reagents produced by domestic manufacturers. Results . DNA and RNA of respiratory viruses (10 types) were detected in autopsy material with a frequency of 46.43%. DNA of viruses causing opportunistic diseases (four types) was detected with a frequency of 27.14%. Clinical samples from patients with a favorable outcome more frequently contained rhinoviruses (25.6%), adenoviruses (13.03%), respiratory syncytial viruses (12.4%), and parainfluenza type 3 viruses (11.09%). In the spectrum of viruses isolated from clinical samples, rhinoviruses predominated (25.6%), followed by adenoviruses (13.03%), respiratory syncytial viruses (12.4%), and parainfluenza type 3 viruses (11.09%). SARS-CoV-2 viruses accounted for 6.6% of cases, and influenza A(H1N1) viruses for 1.1% of cases. Seasonal patterns in virus detection in fatal pneumonias were identified. Conclusion . In cases of pneumonia with virologically confirmed etiology, fatal outcomes were determined in nearly half of cases by SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A(H1N1) viruses.