Temporal ordering of blood metabolites and CSF biomarkers reveals early changes in lipid composition in Alzheimer's disease

Our results suggest that specific HDL lipid composition changes may occur very early in the AD cascade, slightly before or concurrent with CSF Aβ42 alterations. These findings support the potential utility of blood metabolite measures, particularly the phospholipids to total lipids ratio in medium HDL, as early AD biomarkers. Further research and replication in independent cohorts are needed to confirm these observations and advance non-invasive AD screening.