Aquatic neurology

Humans interact with aquatic environments through recreational and occupational activities, and through consumption of both fresh and salt water inhabitants. While these activities may be associated with health benefits, there are various accompanying acute and chronic risks to the nervous system through varied pathological mechanisms, including the effects of toxins and infections, and the adverse physiology of diving. This comprehensive review highlights these and their neurological presentations to raise awareness for neurologists who may encounter those affected by them.