Discerning Wind-Related Damage to Residential Roofs

Hurricane season brings a significant rise in wind-related insurance claims, as powerful storms lead to property damage (particularly to roofs). Distinguishing between wind- and nonwind-related damage, as well as pre-existing issues with roofing components, is critical to ensuring fair, efficient, and timely resolutions. This study presents an in-depth analysis of wind-related damage to two common roof covering materials: asphalt composition shingles and clay/concrete tiles. A series of detailed studies coupled with data from field inspections is utilized to differentiate wind-induced damage to roofs from issues stemming from wear and tear, material aging, installation deficiencies, and simulated wind damage (among other environmental and mechanical factors). Damage patterns, damage location, and material behavior from field observations coupled with wind flow around bluff-bodies (such as residential structures) are examined to highlight how the unique properties of each roof (including its location, height, shape, and slope) influence its response to wind-induced pressures during extreme wind events. These insights enhance damage identification, including cause, origin, and duration of roof covering failures, as well as support informed decision-making for roof inspectors.