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Objective To explore clinical characteristics of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated cortical encephalitis. Methods and Results Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 8 patients diagnosed with MOG antibody-associated cortical encephalitis in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from January 2021 to January 2025. The male-to-female ratio was 1∶1, with a mean age of (32.13±13.21) years old. The initial symptoms were primarily headache, fever and epileptic seizures. All patients tested positive for serum anti-MOG antibodies. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed elevated pressure in 6 cases, and an increased white blood cell count in 6 cases. No definitive evidence of neoplasms was identified in all patient. MRI showed unilateral (5 cases) or bilateral (3 cases) diffuse cortical FLAIR hyperintensity in 8 patients. The lesions involved the frontal lobes in 6 cases, temporal lobes in 6 cases, parietal lobes in 7 cases, and occipital lobes in 2 cases. All patients improved after treatment with glucocorticoid or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). During follow-up, the relapse occurred in 3 patients, who subsequently recovered well after retreatment with glucocorticoid or IVIg, and experienced no further recurrence. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of MOG antibody-associated cortical encephalitis are non-specific. Head MRI shows unilateral or bilateral cortical abnormal signals, which are often misdiagnosed as viral encephalitis. Glucocorticoid is effective in combination with immunotherapy. Although some patients may experience recurrence, the symptoms of recurrence are mild. For patients with cortical encephalitis who have poor response to anti-infection treatment, it is necessary to be vigilant about MOG antibody-associated cortical encephalitis, identify it early and provide combination hormone and immunotherapy in a timely manner.